Landing distance data is based on crossing the beginning of the available landing distance at 50' at ______ with the flaps in the specified landing configuration.

Landing distance data is based on crossing the beginning of the available landing distance at 50' at ______ with the flaps in the specified landing configuration.

• A. V2
• B. Vref
• C. Vapp
• D. Vmc

Answer: (B)

Landing distance data assume you cross the beginning of the available landing distance at 50 ft AGL with the flaps in the landing configuration at the reference landing speed, Vref. This speed represents the stabilized, final-approach speed used for landing calculations, providing a safe and predictable stopping distance. Vref is typically set to about 1.3 times the stall speed in landing configuration, giving a consistent basis for performance data across aircraft and conditions. Speeds like V2 (takeoff safety speed), Vapp, or Vmc relate to other phases or situations and aren’t used for determining landing-distance data, which is why Vref is the correct reference.

Landing distance data assume you cross the beginning of the available landing distance at 50 ft AGL with the flaps in the landing configuration at the reference landing speed, Vref. This speed represents the stabilized, final-approach speed used for landing calculations, providing a safe and predictable stopping distance. Vref is typically set to about 1.3 times the stall speed in landing configuration, giving a consistent basis for performance data across aircraft and conditions. Speeds like V2 (takeoff safety speed), Vapp, or Vmc relate to other phases or situations and aren’t used for determining landing-distance data, which is why Vref is the correct reference.